Migraine is a leading cause of disability among the adult population and is a significant burden on the economies of the world. Susceptibility to migraines is multifaceted, with genetic, hormonal, and environmental variables all having a part. Migraine pathophysiology is complicated and not fully understood, although numerous neuropeptides, neurotransmitters, and brain circuits have been implicated. In recent years, mounting evidence has shown that microbiota-mediated gut-brain crosstalk may play a role in migraine etiology. This lecture will present what is known about the effects of gut health on migraine pathogenesis and how modulation of the microbiome can have clinical effects on migraine pathogenesis and management.