Epilepsy is a common neurologic disorder that can greatly affect a person’s health and well-being. While many patients can be successfully treated with medication, about a third of patients with epilepsy become refractory to medical treatment. When this happens, the next step is to consider nonmedication options. This course will examine diagnosis and treatment of patients with epilepsy with a special focus on next steps in the evaluation and management of patients with refractory epilepsy and the use of devices and neurostimulation in this population.