Restless leg syndrome (RLS) is a common and disabling neurological disorder that manifests as an irresistible urge to move one’s legs, usually while lying down and at night. RLS may develop idiopathically or secondary to other medical conditions, including iron deficiency, renal impairment, pregnancy, or neuropathy. This course will review the presentation, symptomatology, and treatment of RLS, its most common presenting symptoms and potentiating factors, and provide tips to facilitate rapid diagnosis. Interpretation of salient laboratory testing will be discussed, along with management options and their associated potential pitfalls.