Recommending or prescribing drug therapy is step 1 in the therapeutic relationship. Monitoring the patient’s response is a critical part of the process. Participants will learn how to select discriminating monitoring parameters for therapeutic effectiveness and potential toxicity for analgesic therapy. We will also review the “5 A’s” of analgesia that should be included when monitoring an analgesic regimen. Last, participants will learn how to adjust therapy based on monitoring data collected.