The federal government continues to pursue physician offices and independent clinical laboratories (and the individuals associated with them) for troublesome patterns of medically unnecessary drug testing. The federal government—which has the option of filing cases it originates or which originate through “whistleblowers”—often bases false claim allegations on patterns of conduct showing deliberate ignorance or reckless disregard of applicable licensing board rules and professional standards for, and departures from, payer coverage and reimbursement policies governing drug testing. False Claims Act (FCA) cases may also involve allegations of inappropriate physician compensation schemes and other forms of inducement/kickbacks to gain test volume. Documentation of testing protocols, decisions, and use of test results is central to proving these cases. This course will examine common allegations and theories the government uses in FCA litigation. Attendees will learn the difference between an FCA and an overpayment matter and will be able to identify problematic conduct typically exposed in FCA cases. The overall goal of the course is to provide attendees with a framework by which they can evaluate their own testing patterns and processes in light of the lessons learned from a closer look at these false claims cases.